Tuesday, November 26, 2024

The Assault

La Sconfitta della cavalleria francese.
La Battaglia di Pavia¹
Bernard van Orley (PD)
Aloysius couldn't help but notice that his hands were sweating, a lot. Where he gripped his halberd was wet, not so wet as to affect his grip, but wet enough that he noticed it. It reminded him of drill, hours in the hot sun and his weapon would look soaked with moisture. But the day was cool, he and his fellow Swiss Guardsmen were lined up in the Piazza San Pietro, waiting.

Everyone knew that the assault would come soon, they could hear the first cannons booming as the Imperial Army approached. While the forces defending the city had a numerous artillery, there weren't many artillerists in the garrison.

A cannon fired nearby, from the Leonine Wall to their right. Aloysius jumped at the sound.

A plan of Rome in the Middle Ages.
The Leonine City is visible in the upper left section.
Source
Andreas reached over and placed his hand on Aloysius' right shoulder, "Easy lad, you'll get used to the sound after a while."

Aloysius looked at his comrade, "If I live long enough."

"Aye, there is that."


Pablo Alvarez noticed the Duke of Bourbon riding up to the lines. Surely the man wasn't thinking of assaulting the walls on horseback. When the Duke dismounted, Pablo turned to his friend Francisco Hernandez.

"The man's got cojones, I'll give him that."

Francisco shrugged, "Cojones and a white cloak won't get this tercio over those damned walls. Better hope those herejes malditos² take that section of wall and open that gate to us. Perhaps within the city we can maneuver."

Pablo shook his head, as if a tight formation of pikemen and arquebusiers could maneuver in the confines of a city. He hoped that when the Landsknechts broke in to the city, they would be released to loot and pillage. He was hungry, as were his comrades. Being Imperial troops they knew that they would be paid at some point, their mercenary colleagues couldn't be that sure.

The Germans were hot to sack the city, they fought for pay, not politics.


Charles III, Duke of Bourbon, handed the reins to his servant, then flung his cloak open to the troops arrayed before him. A rough cheer went up as the men recognized their popular leader.

Looking to the nearest officer, Charles shouted out, "What say you, Captain? Let us be over these cursed walls and open the gates!"

Seeing a scaling party carrying a ladder behind the captain, the Duke strode over to them and shouted again. "Let me help you lads with your burden!"

The men cheered again and started to move towards the wall. The captain bellowed in the Duke's ear, "Monsieur le duc, let my men do this, you are too valuable ..."

Charles turned to the man and said something, his words were drowned out as one of the cannons in the wall belched death towards the men moving up to the assault. But he did release his grip on the ladder so that he could draw his sword.


"Hey, Benvenuto, who's the fancy pants bastard prancing around down there?"

Benvenuto Cellini, goldsmith by trade, defender of the Faith on this day, looked where Luigi Fabrizi was pointing. The man stood out like a sore thumb waving his sword in the air, a white cloak over his armor.

"My oath, I would wager that that is the Duke of Bourbon himself!"

Cellini aimed his primitive weapon in the direction of the Duke, and pulled his trigger. The powder in the pan flashed, igniting the charge in the breech of his weapon. As the range was short and he was an expert with the arquebus, he had some hope of hitting his target. Other than being blinded by smoke, he knew the weapon had fired properly by the kick to his shoulder.

As he reloaded and the smoke cleared, he no longer saw the man in the white cloak. Where he thought the man had been, was a swirling crowd of Landsknechts.


The Duke had gone down hard, collapsing without a word, his helmet snatched off as if by the very Hand of God. The captain only needed one look to see that the Duke was gone, as was much of his face.³

Without thinking he bellowed, "The Duke has fallen! We must avenge him!"

The nearby soldiers surged forward, ignoring the slackening fire from the walls ahead. The Duke had been a very popular commander, his successor Philibert of Chalon wasn't anywhere near as well-regarded by the men. His shouts to try and gain control of the assault fell on deaf ears.


Andreas saw them first, members of the militia fleeing from their positions on the wall and disappearing into the nearby streets of the city. He turned to Aloysius.

"Brace yourself lad, it's our turn."

Aloysius didn't understand at first, then he saw them, Landsknechts.

One of the mercenaries dragged a man, presumably a man captured on the wall, into the street. He shouted something then kicked the man. One of his comrades brought his sword down on the unfortunate, severing the man's head.

"Steady lads!" Captain Röist called out. Immediately the enemy turned in their direction.

One of the men laughed and pointed to his right, where the nearest gate lay. Some of the Landsknechts went in that direction, the others drew up some distance from the Swiss, waiting.

"What are they waiting for?" Aloysius managed to gasp out.

"The rest of their unit, there are only a score of them now, soon a thousand will come through that gate."

Aloysius nodded, he said a quick prayer. He didn't want to die, but it was beginning to look like he had no say in the matter.

None at all.




¹The Defeat of the French Cavalry. The Battle of Pavia - Detail of van Orley's tapestry of the battle fought in 1525.
² Cursed heretics. Many of the German-speaking Landsknechts were indeed Protestants, or "heretics" as the Catholic Spaniards considered them to be.
³ I have no idea if Charles III was hit in the face, call it dramatic license. Also the idea that Benvenuto Cellini was the man responsible for the Duke's death has come down to us almost as legend.

36 comments:

  1. As the coffee seeps inside my soul the old song "Another one bites the dust, tadadumpdumpdump" comes to mind.

    Bravery is an excellent leadership trait. But often the less brave, nay craven survive to become your house rulers.

    Great story. Open field weapons and tactics against city fighting.

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    1. The attackers are angry, unpaid, and hungry. They are also well-trained and experienced.

      The defenders are virtually untrained and and have too much to try and defend.

      It's going to get ugly.

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    2. If the defenders would pull into a smaller, better defensive position rather than trying to protect the whole city, they might have stood a chance, for a while, until the guns were brought in range. Something that is difficult to do in a messed up city like Rome was (many European cities, like Rome and Paris, are now wide, well planned places (for the most part) due to being thrashed over and over and over again.)

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    3. There are still quite a few neighborhoods in Rome which are tight and rather confined. Like those near the Vatican.

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  2. Close to a siege becoming a slaughter Sarge, no quarter rapidly approaching for the defenders.

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    1. Traditionally a city was offered the chance to surrender and the garrison and inhabitants would be spared. Resist and all bets are off!

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    2. There was a Michener book that mentioned being in a city that fell, he talked of the characters hiding out until the worst of the sacking was done. Made sense to me, but what do I know? Didn't sound like a good time...

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    3. The inhabitants of a city which had fallen to assault would be well-advised to hide (if they could) until the enemy soldiers were satiated, ordered away, or just tired of killing. (Or too drunk to kill!)

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    4. The whole surrender/siege thingy was pretty much a 3-stage process.

      Roll up with your army and call for surrender. Usually minimal looting, best if the defeated scrounge the loot and food and some women and the town/city/fort/castle stands without a sack.

      Pop a breach in the wall and call for surrender. Some looting and raping, generally means the idiot leaders of the defense get killed, publicly and openly. Defending location suffers, but still stands.

      If they don't surrender after a breach or they whack a popular leader, then all bets are off. Pillage, loot, rape, burn. Anything goes. The smart attackers will wait for the tired and laden attackers to come out of the city and then 'take a piece of the action.'

      "Henry V," the siege of Harfleur is an example of this. So is the sack of Jerusalem in the 1st Crusade.

      Not a pretty thing.

      As to hiding, always a good thing to have a secret passage or tunnel or priest hole or some other place to hide, if you can.

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    5. The Siege of Badajoz during the Peninsular War (Wellington versus The French) fell into that third category. The British Army lost all control and ran amok for a few days as I recall.

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  3. https://youtube.com/shorts/zaQ-OgD3y8o?si=TfWlCUa67d8XmTEA

    Just my 2 cents of historical european martial arts HEMA, dont mistake with FEMA

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    1. Nice video, Pawel. People don't understand how maneuverable a halberd is, in open terrain. Crowded city passages, the best moves are up-down and thrust. Or hook and grab.

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  4. As you can see, trained soldier with halberd is quite sight to behold

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  5. https://youtube.com/shorts/IgAgAhcOHew?si=A1VMhcC9ct4BqMeP
    And some more info on halberds practical uses

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    1. The long hacky-pokey was indeed useful and effective, but in individual combat as as part of a line. Second rank could use it as a thrusting weapon over the shoulders of the front rank, Front rank can hook and bind weapons and shields of opponents to create openings for second rant to thrust into.

      Open field can attack mounted troops.Quite the useful can opener.

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  6. Polearms as they have come down to us in modern warfare - used to indicate rank - have quite deluded us as to their actual power.

    The naginata, a Japanese Polearm (and one I am far more acquainted with) was estimated to be able to cover 45 sq meters/484 square feet using a 5' shaft, 3' blade, and 3' of reach. The naginata was replaced by the yari (spear) for even longer reach until both were replaced by firearms (similar to Europe in that respect).

    Doing a bit of reading on this battle (anticipating Sarge), it is believed that the death of Duke of Bourbon made the ravaging of the city more likely as his successor, Philip of Chalon, was not as respected and therefore had far less authority that the Duke would have had.

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    1. "Reach out and touch someone" had a far different meaning back then.

      My sources give me Philibert of Chalon as opposed to Philip, no doubt the same guy, different sources sometimes garble the names from back then.

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    2. Fun to run a polearm by oneself, but in conjunction with a shield man or two, it makes a potent hunter-killer group on an open field. Two polearms working together, one grabbing or forcing an opening, while the other pokes through, are the basis of the ranked lines.

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    3. Ouch, sounds nasty. And effective.

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    4. It's all about the STONCH!!! I mean, the hack, grab, pull, push, chop, slash, poke, pummel. It's amazing how much a heavy weapon like a pike or halberd or poleaxe can be such a finesse weapon. Or a weapon of shear brutality. Sometimes both at the same time.

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  7. It's a wonder that any survived the Age.

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    1. Those days in Europe were nasty. Of course, Europe is like that in many centuries!

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    2. the worst case was 30 years war...
      estimates are as bad as 30-40 percent of population died

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    3. Parts of what we call Germany today suffered even higher casualties.

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  8. Ah, the name "Benvenuto Cellini" jumped out as one I had heard before, and your note confirmed it is indeed "that guy." I vaguely recalled from a forgettable mandatory art class long ago that he was an artist of some sort, and rather good.

    A quick visit to Wikipedia revealed a lot more about him. He seems to have been an all around misfit, often engaged in thuggery, and killer of people beyond random Royalty descending on his home turf . He was perpetually in trouble with employers, artistic rivals, authorities and prone to diddling his models of both genders.

    But the guy was a talented artist!
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benvenuto_Cellini

    Now, back to our regularly scheduled hostilities, plunder and pillaging...
    John Blackshoe

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    1. Signore Cellini was mentioned in more than one source. Seemed to have been, as you point out, something of a "gangsta." Some sources indicate he shot BOTH Charles III and Philibert of Chalon. With an arquebus? Really? So via a bit of artistic license I had him shoot at the Duke of Bourbon. Upon not seeing that man any more, once the smoke cleared, it can perhaps be implied, "Hey, I killed that guy!"

      Maybe he did, maybe he didn't. One thing is sure, Charles III died before Rome's walls. Who killed him? Does it really matter in the long run?

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    2. Cellini was, well, quite the Renaissance man. Author, sculptor, painter, chef, thug, he did it all. One of my favorite Italian artists.

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    3. The very definition of a Renaissance man. (In my book.)

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    4. I've known a few in my time. Amazing people that can do just about anything they put their mind to. Freaky weird discussions that go from period calligraphy to making armor to cooking to sewing to astrophysics all while watching sportsmoneyball. The people that can look at something and go, "I can do that" and their first piece is as good as other's 10th piece.

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