But there are still a few, and in researching this post's legend, I learned quite a few things that I hadn't known.
For instance, which mission that the Air Force (yes and its antecedents) flew resulted in the most Medals of Honor being awarded?
I knew that one.
Ploesti. 5 Medal's of Honor, 3 posthumously.
Second question. What was the first target in Europe bombed by the US Army Air Forces?
Ploesti. June 11, 1942, 13 B-24s launched to attack the city. 1 aborted after takeoff with fuel issues, the other 12 attacked. Minimal damage was achieved, 6 aircraft recovered as planned in Iraq, two in Syria and the other 4 were interned in neutral Turkey. I did not know that one.
So, I scored a 50 on that pop quiz. Bummer!
I arrived at the subject of today's post, based mostly on a recent comment from Andrew, our classically trained rantconteur (yes, I know that is not an actual word, Google, but it better fits the man than raconteur), In which he asks (paraphrased) how we could have such a large fleet in WWII and still have had a lesser number of feckless and ill-trained captains than we do now?
My mind pondered about my service and agreed that the situation is very similar.
The example that popped into my cranial vault was Ploesti. Intricately planned, but plagued by bad luck. Checkpoints missed, weather, mechanical problems all contributed to the chaos of the mission, and that was all before they encountered enemy opposition. However, perseverance and leadership salvaged what success could be had from the situation.
I'll be discussing one of the Medal of Honor Recipients who survived the attack and indeed the war, Colonel John R. Kane.
| There's something to be said for this picture. I knew as soon as I saw it, he was not a "perfumed princess". Source |
Being a Fighter Pilot has little to do with flying a fighter. However....
On August 1, 1943, 178 B-24s launched from Libya on the attack most people think of when Ploesti is named. As mentioned earlier, bad luck was plentiful, with aborts enroute as well as a couple of actual crashes. Weather and a difference in procedures, caused the attack to unintentionally be split into two waves. Col Kane's flight approached their target area approximately 60 miles behind the lead elements. The element of surprise was lost. In addition, their route followed a railroad line into the city. Unbeknownst to them, the German commander had positioned a AAA railroad train on it.
Col Kane had modified his bomber with 3 .50 cal machine guns in the nose that could be fired from the cockpit. He shot all 2500 available rounds on ingress. Unfortunately, the target area had been attacked by an earlier flight that had missed their target. The gunners were alerted, but also, smoke and flames from burning petroleum added to the confusion and danger.
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| Tail End Charlie from Col Kane's Group Source |
Col Kane continued his attack and eventually dropped his bombs on their target and began their egress. During the attack, Col Kane's B-24 had been hit 20 times by AAA as well as countless small arms rounds. He'd also lost an engine. Fuel was too low to allow a return to Libya, the nearest reachable recovery base was 900nm away on Cyprus. Col Kane decided to violate Turkish Airspace and fly direct to Cyprus.
On landing, he hit an unreported wall, and the aircraft was badly damaged, however the crew egressed successfully. The bomber was scrapped.
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| The source says this is the picture of Col Kane's bomber, although reports from the mission said he was flying "Hail Columbia". Update: This source says, at the time of the picture, it had been transferred to a different squadron which used Snow White names as a naming protocol, later it was transferred back to the original squadron, and when it flew the Ploesti mission, it was renamed "Hail Columbia". |
You might recognize the Narrator's voice.
I found this picture of Col Kane and immediately recognized the man.
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| Source |
A strange resemblance to the man in the masthead above, bottom row, third from the left, no?
Col Kane resigned from the Air Force in 1954 and passed away May 29, 1996.
In one of his last public statements, he said,
"I still recall the smoke, fire and B-24s going down, like it was yesterday... Even now, I get a lump in my throat when I think about what we went through ... I didn't get the Medal of Honor. The 98th did."
Nope, not a perfumed princess. Warrior!
Col Kane's Citation:
For conspicuous gallantry in action and intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty on 1 August 1943.On this date he led the third element of heavy bombardment aircraft in a mass low-level bombing attack against the vitally important enemy target of the Ploesti oil refineries.
En route to the target, which necessitated a round-trip flight of over 2,400 miles, Col. Kane's element became separated from the leading portion of the massed formation in avoiding dense and dangerous cumulus cloud conditions over mountainous terrain. Rather than turn back from such a vital mission he elected to proceed to his target.
Upon arrival at the target area it was discovered that another group had apparently missed its target and had previously attacked and damaged the target assigned to Col. Kane's element. Despite the thoroughly warned defenses, the intensive antiaircraft fire, enemy fighter airplanes, extreme hazards on a low-level attack of exploding delayed action bombs from the previous element, of oil fires and explosions and dense smoke over the target area, Col. Kane elected to lead his formation into the attack.
By his gallant courage, brilliant leadership, and superior flying skill, he and the formation under his command successfully attacked this vast refinery so essential to our enemies' war effort.
Through his conspicuous gallantry in this most hazardous action against the enemy, and by his intrepidity at the risk of his life above and beyond the call of duty, Col. Kane personally contributed vitally to the success of this daring mission and thereby rendered most distinguished service in the furtherance of the defeat of our enemies.
* Attributed to Col Ted Timberlake, Chief Operations Officer for the Attack, on being told he could NOT go on the mission as he knew too much about Allied Plans to be risked. I understand the sentiment.
Sources: My Primary Source is, once again, Home of Heroes. Always a good read there.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_R._Kane
http://www.nytimes.com/1996/06/12/us/john-kane-89-who-led-raid-that-bombed-nazi-s-oil-depot.html
http://www.cmohs.org/recipient-detail/2813/kane-john-r.php
http://www.homeofheroes.com/wings/part2/09_ploesti.html
https://airforce.togetherweserved.com/usaf/servlet/tws.webapp.WebApp?cmd=ShadowBoxProfile&type=Person&ID=126906
http://www.arlingtoncemetery.net/jrkane.htm










